Night-time economy vitality index: Framework and evidence

This study aims to develop a multi-dimensional night-time economy vitality index (NTEVI) measure the of economic (NTE) activities in Zhejiang Province, China, covering its 11 cities and 90 counties. Comprising 44 supply demand indicators NTE, was composed an overall six major sub-indices that measured typical NTE subsectors, including catering, shopping, recreation, accommodation, touring, fitness. The NTEVI calculated using unique multi-source dataset based on hourly online transaction data from leading Chinese online-to-offline service platform, monthly electricity consumption data, official statistics 2019 2020. Robustness sensitivity analyses were conducted ensure high credibility results. findings this suggested highly significantly correlated with night light indices, indicators, tourism measures. By identifying regional temporal differences across several sectors over time at county, city, provincial levels, serves as powerful numerical visual tool: it offers key information guide policy formulation, resource allocation, evaluation. In context COVID-19, also reflect recovery process Province. Our indicate is important for government, authorities, enterprises encourage main driver revitalization.